The Ministry of Science and Technology was established in 1982, following the recommendations of a government appointed committee that urged a formation of a national policy for science and technology. 

The Ministry focuses mainly on technological analysis and organization, coordination of research areas, and on establishment of a foundation for basic and infrastructure research. 

In 2006 the Ministry of Science and Technology has been united with the Ministry of Culture and Sport, thus forming a joint Ministry.

The Ministry of Science, Culture & Sport has been chosen as the representative of the state of Israel for the ERA-MORE program, and serves as the Israel Bridgehead Organization.
The national Israeli Mobility Portal assists foreign researchers who are planning to pursue research in Israel, as well as outgoing Israeli researchers pursuing research in Europe.